The Indian state of West Bengal is bestowed with a rich cultural heritage and great diversity of art forms. Arguably the most remarkable and unique of these art forms is housed on the surface of the so-called terracotta temples constructed mostly during 16th to 19th century CE. Intricate terracotta panels on the walls of these temples weave sacred tales from mythology, folklore as well as profane narratives of everyday life of both affluent and humble people. Probably nowhere in the world has this art form been more artistically displayed. But unfortunately, this magnificent art form of Bengal has been eclipsed by other contemporary mediaeval monuments better placed in the limelight of history and probably of destiny too. Considering the quality of terracotta treasure of West Bengal, one can affirm without any fear of contradiction that only in a few places in India, art lovers would find their souls better rewarded.
In the beginning, the book contains brief discussion on the earliest Hindu goddesses, origin of figurative icons of goddesses, art of terracotta, theory of rasa, history of adornment of temple exterior using terracotta artwork in West Bengal, unique external forms of terracotta temples, and diversity of themes in terracotta depictions. Then the origin and course of history of around forty goddesses, depicted on terracotta temples, have been presented along with literary and archaeological evidence. It is undeniable that such a strong presence of the feminine voice as we find in Hindu tradition is wanting in the entire panorama of world religion, from ancient to modern times.
But the real highlight of this book is the photographs of pertinent terracotta panels clicked by the author from a plethora of temples in different districts of West Bengal. Moreover, these photographs are supplemented with relevant specimens in medium other than terracotta. It includes stone, metal, wood, painting (both mural and miniature) etc. Overall, this book is embellished with around 260 illustrations many of which are being published for the first time.
Artistry in Clay: Terracotta Goddesses Depicted on Temples of West Bengal
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DR. SURYA SHEKHAR DAS
Ramakrishna Mission was his alma mater during school days. He completed Bachelor of Science and Master of Science from Department of Botany, University of Kalyani and stood first in the first class in both the occasions. He was awarded a Ph.D. in Botany from the University of Kalyani. So far, he has published ten papers in international journals and two in national journals. He has also contributed three chapters in two different books. He authored two articles, one on relation of Hindu mythology with evolutionary biology and the other depicting the unique beauty of some terracotta temples of West Bengal, in two different Bengali journals. In 2021, he published the book “Mangroves of Indian Sundarbans: Ecological, Biochemical and Molecular Aspects”. For the last twenty-one years he has been teaching Botany in Bolpur College, West Bengal and presently is an Associate Professor.
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